en version 1.3 An example ontology that contains all constructs required for the various versions of the Pizza Tutorial run by Manchester University (see http://www.co-ode.org/resources/tutorials/) An alternative to VegetarianPizzaEquiv1 that does not require a definition of VegetarianTopping. Perhaps more difficult to maintain. Not equivalent to VegetarianPizza PizzaVegetarianaEquivalente2 CoberturaDePimentao Rosa CoberturaDeBifePicante AmericanaPicante CoberturaDePresunto CoberturaDePimentaoVerdePicante CoberturaDeCamarao Parmense QuatroQueijos BaseEspessa CoberturaDeQueijo Pizza Giardiniera QuatroQueijos CoberturaDeCajun Caprina CoberturaPrinceCarlo BaseFinaEQuebradica Any pizza that only has vegetarian toppings or no toppings is a VegetarianPizzaEquiv1. Should be inferred to be equivalent to VegetarianPizzaEquiv2. Not equivalent to VegetarianPizza because PizzaTopping is not covering PizzaVegetarianaEquivalente1 A ValuePartition that describes only values from Hot, Medium or Mild. NB Subclasses can themselves be divided up into further partitions. Tempero Capricciosa CoberturaDeMozzarella CoberturaDeAspargos SloppyGiuseppe CoberturaDePrezuntoParma PolloAdAstra Napoletana CoberturaDeQueijoDeCabra CoberturaDeCaper FrutosDoMar CoberturaDeAnchovies CoberturaDeJalapeno CoberturaDeCalabreza CoberturaDeTomateRessecadoAoSol Siciliana CoberturaDeGorgonzola CoberturaPeperonata Fiorentina PizzaComQueijo Any pizza that has at least 1 cheese topping. CoberturaDePimentaoDoce A ValuePartition is a pattern that describes a restricted set of classes from which a property can be associated. The parent class is used in restrictions, and the covering axiom means that only members of the subclasses may be used as values. The possible subclasses cannot be extended without updating the ValuePartition class. ValorDaParticao A class to demonstrate mistakes made with setting a property domain. The property hasTopping has a domain of Pizza. This means that the reasoner can infer that all individuals using the hasTopping property must be of type Pizza. Because of the restriction on this class, all members of IceCream must use the hasTopping property, and therefore must also be members of Pizza. However, Pizza and IceCream are disjoint, so this causes an inconsistency. If they were not disjoint, IceCream would be inferred to be a subclass of Pizza. Sorvete CoberturaDeParmesao Cogumelo LaReine CoberturaDePimentaoVerde An unclosed Pizza cannot be inferred to be either a VegetarianPizza or a NonVegetarianPizza, because it might have other toppings. PizzaAberta CoberturaDeCebolaVermelha PizzaInteressante 3 Any pizza that has at least 3 toppings. Note that this is a cardinality constraint on the hasTopping property and NOT a qualified cardinality constraint (QCR). A QCR would specify from which class the members in this relationship must be. eg has at least 3 toppings from PizzaTopping. This is currently not supported in OWL. MolhoTobascoPepper CoberturaDeFrutosDoMarMistos CoberturaRosemary A pizza that can be found on a pizza menu PizzaComUmNome CoberturaDeCogumelo CoberturaSultana CoberturaDeTomateFatiado CoberturaPineKernels CoberturaDeCebola CoberturaDaPizza CoberturaQuatroQueijos CoberturaDePeixe CoberturaDeCastanha CoberturaDeLeek Any pizza that has a spicy topping is a SpicyPizza PizzaTemperada An example of a covering axiom. VegetarianTopping is equivalent to the union of all toppings in the given axiom. VegetarianToppings can only be Cheese or Vegetable or....etc. CoberturaVegetariana CoberturaDeAlho CoberturaDeAzeitona This defined class has conditions that are part of the definition: ie any Pizza that has the country of origin, Italy is a RealItalianPizza. It also has conditions that merely describe the members - that all RealItalianPizzas must only have ThinAndCrispy bases. PizzaItalianaReal Americana CoberturaDeArtichoke CoberturaDeTomate Media CoberturaDeFrutas CoberturaDeErvas PizzaTemperadaEquivalente An alternative definition for the SpicyPizza which does away with needing a definition of SpicyTopping and uses a slightly more complicated restriction: Pizzas that have at least one topping that is both a PizzaTopping and has spiciness hot are members of this class. Veneziana PizzaDeCarne Any pizza that has at least one meat topping